/* Raja Labs — Nanoscale Spectroscopy */

:root {
  --blue: #003262;
  --gold: #FDB515;
  --gold-dark: #c99a1f;
  --gold-text: #866000; /* gold dark enough for text on paper and sand (5:1+) */
  --ink: #1a1a1a;
  --paper: #fbfaf7;
  --sand: #f3f0e8;
  --rule: #e3dfd5;
  --muted: #3d3d3d;
  /* Type scale. rem, so text follows the reader's browser font size. Nothing on the site is smaller than --label. */
  --text-lg: 1.1875rem;  /* 19px: ledes on dark headers */
  --text: 1.0625rem;     /* 17px: running prose */
  --text-sm: 1rem;       /* 16px: card bodies, lists */
  --text-xs: .875rem;    /* 14px: citations, legends */
  --label: .8125rem;     /* 13px: uppercase labels, buttons, nav */
  --display: 'Archivo', Helvetica, sans-serif;
  --body: 'IBM Plex Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  --nav-h: 76px;
  --nav-h-solid: 60px;
}

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 64px; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-size: var(--text);
  line-height: 1.6;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}
/* Thinner rendering only for light-on-dark text; dark text on paper keeps the platform's heavier default. */
.hero, .page-head, .access, .join { -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }

a { color: var(--blue); text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { color: var(--gold-text); }

img { display: block; max-width: 100%; }

/* ---------- Shared ---------- */

.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-text);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.section-title {
  margin: 0 0 72px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: clamp(1.875rem, 3.4vw, 2.625rem);
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.btn {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 14px 26px;
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 600;
  border: 1px solid;
  transition: all .25s;
}
.btn--solid { background: var(--blue); color: #fff; border-color: var(--blue); }
.btn--solid:hover { background: #fff; color: var(--blue); }
.btn--outline { background: transparent; color: var(--blue); border-color: var(--blue); }
.btn--outline:hover { background: var(--blue); color: #fff; }
.btn--dark { padding: 12px 22px; color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); }
.btn--dark:hover { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; }
.btn--light { padding: 14px 28px; color: #fff; border-color: #fff; }
.btn--light:hover { background: var(--gold); border-color: var(--gold); color: var(--blue); }

.placeholder {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  text-align: center;
  font-family: ui-monospace, Menlo, monospace;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.date {
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-text);
  font-weight: 600;
  padding-top: 3px;
}

.list-head {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px 16px;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: baseline;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
  padding-bottom: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.list-head--pubs { margin-bottom: 12px; }
.list-head__title {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.375rem;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.list-head__meta {
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted);
}

/* ---------- Nav ---------- */

.nav {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 32px;
  padding: 0 40px;
  height: var(--nav-h);
  background: transparent;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .92);
  transition: all .35s ease;
}
.nav.is-solid,
.nav--solid {
  height: var(--nav-h-solid);
  background: rgba(251, 250, 247, .94);
  color: var(--blue);
  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .08), 0 6px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, .06);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.nav__brand {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  font-size: .9375rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: inherit;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.nav__brand:hover { color: inherit; }

.nav__links { display: flex; gap: 28px; align-items: center; }

.nav__link {
  position: relative;
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding: 6px 0;
  color: inherit;
  transition: color .25s;
}
.nav__link::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; bottom: 0;
  height: 2px;
  width: 0;
  background: var(--gold);
  transition: width .3s ease;
}
.nav__link:hover,
.nav__link.is-active { color: var(--gold); }
.nav__link.is-active::after { width: 100%; }
/* Bright gold only reads against the hero photo; on the light bar use the darker text gold. */
.nav.is-solid .nav__link:hover,
.nav.is-solid .nav__link.is-active,
.nav--solid .nav__link:hover,
.nav--solid .nav__link.is-active { color: var(--gold-text); }

.nav__toggle {
  display: none;
  width: 36px; height: 36px;
  padding: 8px 6px;
  background: none;
  border: 0;
  color: inherit;
  cursor: pointer;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
}
.nav__toggle span {
  display: block;
  height: 2px;
  background: currentColor;
  transition: transform .3s, opacity .3s;
}

/* ---------- Hero ---------- */

.hero {
  position: relative;
  height: 92vh;
  min-height: 520px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  text-align: center;
  color: #fff;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.hero__img {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 42%;
}
.hero__shade {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(0, 30, 60, .45) 0%, rgba(0, 30, 60, .15) 45%, rgba(0, 30, 60, .55) 100%);
}
.hero__content { position: relative; padding: 0 24px; }
.hero__title {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 900;
  font-size: clamp(3.25rem, 8.5vw, 7.5rem);
  line-height: .95;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, .35);
}
.hero__subtitle {
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.2vw, 1.875rem);
  letter-spacing: .01em;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, .4);
}
.hero__affil {
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  opacity: .95;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
}

/* ---------- Page header (inner pages) ---------- */

.page-head {
  position: relative;
  background: var(--blue);
  color: #fff;
  padding: calc(var(--nav-h-solid) + 96px) 24px 96px;
  text-align: center;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.page-head__inner { position: relative; max-width: 760px; margin: 0 auto; }
.page-head .eyebrow { color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: 18px; }
.page-head__title {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 5vw, 3.75rem);
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  line-height: 1;
}
.page-head__lede {
  margin: 28px auto 0;
  max-width: 640px;
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .94);
}
.page-head .btn { margin-top: 32px; }
/* Content sits closer to the page header than to other sections. */
.page-head + section:not(.publications) { padding-top: 56px; }

/* Tabs along the bottom edge of a page header, linking the pages grouped under one nav item. */
.page-head:has(> .subnav) { padding-bottom: 144px; }
.subnav {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .16);
  overflow-x: auto;
  scrollbar-width: none;
}
.subnav__inner { display: flex; gap: 36px; width: max-content; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 24px; }
.subnav__link {
  position: relative;
  padding: 17px 0 15px;
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 500;
  white-space: nowrap;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .85);
  transition: color .25s;
}
.subnav__link::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; bottom: 0;
  height: 2px;
  width: 0;
  background: var(--gold);
  transition: width .3s ease;
}
.subnav__link:hover { color: #fff; }
.subnav__link.is-active { color: var(--gold); }
.subnav__link.is-active::after { width: 100%; }

/* Faded Molecular Foundry photo behind the Visit page title. */
.page-head--visit::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: url(../assets/molecular-foundry.jpg) center 35% / cover no-repeat;
  opacity: .3;
}

/* Faded group photo behind the Team and About page titles. The photo starts below the nav, pinned to its top
   edge, and the header grows with the photo so the title sits above the tabs on torsos, clear of faces. */
.page-head.page-head--team {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: center;
  height: calc(var(--nav-h-solid) + max(400px, 210px + 14vw));
  padding: var(--nav-h-solid) 24px 88px;
}
.page-head--team::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: var(--nav-h-solid) 0 0;
  background: url(../assets/team.jpg) center top / cover no-repeat;
  opacity: .35;
}

/* ---------- Intro ---------- */

.intro { padding: 120px 24px; display: flex; justify-content: center; }
.intro__inner { max-width: 720px; text-align: center; }
.intro .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.intro__lead {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(1.375rem, 2.2vw, 1.75rem);
  line-height: 1.35;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.intro__body {
  margin: 26px auto 0;
  max-width: 620px;
  font-size: var(--text);
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.intro--text .intro__inner { text-align: left; }
.intro--text .intro__lead { font-size: clamp(1.1875rem, 1.9vw, 1.375rem); line-height: 1.55; }
.intro--text .intro__body { max-width: none; margin-top: 20px; }
.intro--summary { padding-bottom: 56px; }
.intro--summary .intro__inner { max-width: 820px; text-align: left; }
.intro--summary .intro__lead { font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2vw, 1.5rem); line-height: 1.5; }
.intro__ctas {
  display: flex;
  gap: 14px;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: 40px;
}

/* ---------- Explore (home page summary of the top nav) ---------- */

.explore { background: var(--sand); padding: 88px 24px; }
.explore__inner { max-width: 1080px; margin: 0 auto; }
.explore .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 24px; }
.explore__grid {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(240px, 1fr));
  gap: 16px;
}
.explore__card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
  height: 100%;
  padding: 22px 24px 24px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 6px;
  transition: border-color .25s;
}
.explore__card:hover { border-color: var(--gold); }
.explore__title {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--blue);
}
.explore__card:hover .explore__title { color: var(--gold-text); }
.explore__text { font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--muted); }

/* ---------- Research ---------- */

.research { padding: 72px 24px 88px; max-width: 1080px; margin: 0 auto; }
.research__intro { max-width: 760px; }
.theme { margin-top: 48px; }
.theme__head {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 88px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 32px;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.area__glyph {
  width: 88px; height: 88px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid #c8c3b8;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: var(--paper);
}
.icon { width: 66px; height: 66px; fill: none; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; }
.icon__line, .icon__slab, .icon__edge { stroke: var(--blue); }
.icon__accent { stroke: var(--gold-dark); }
.icon__slab { fill: rgba(253, 181, 21, .18); }
.icon__edge { stroke-width: 1.3; }
.icon__band { fill: var(--paper); }
.icon__band--back { fill: #fde3a0; }
.icon__person { fill: var(--blue); }
.icon__skin { fill: var(--paper); }
.icon__spark { fill: var(--gold); }
.theme__title {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.375rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.theme__lede { margin: 0; max-width: 720px; font-size: var(--text); line-height: 1.7; color: var(--muted); }
.findings {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: 0 48px;
}
.finding { padding: 22px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.finding__title {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.finding__body { margin: 0 0 10px; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.7; color: var(--muted); }
.finding__ref { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text-xs); color: var(--muted); }
.research__more { margin: 40px 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: var(--text); color: var(--muted); }
.research__more a { font-weight: 500; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; text-decoration-color: var(--rule); }

.directions { background: var(--sand); padding: 72px 24px; }
.directions__inner { max-width: 1032px; margin: 0 auto; }
.directions .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 8px; }
.programs {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 32px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
}
.program {
  padding: 28px 28px 32px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.program__role { margin: 0 0 12px; font-size: var(--label); letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 600; color: var(--gold-text); }
.program__title {
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--blue);
}
.program__sub { margin: 0 0 16px; font-size: var(--text-xs); line-height: 1.5; color: var(--muted); }
.program__body { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.7; }
.program__list { margin: 14px 0 0; padding-left: 18px; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.65; color: var(--muted); }
.program__list li + li { margin-top: 8px; }
.program__list b { font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); }
.program__partners { margin: 14px 0 0; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.65; color: var(--muted); }

/* ---------- PI ---------- */

.pi { background: var(--sand); padding: 120px 24px; }
.pi__inner {
  max-width: 1080px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(220px, 300px) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 64px;
  align-items: start;
}
.pi__photo {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.pi__contact {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  padding: 18px 0 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  line-height: 1.9;
}
.pi .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 10px; }
.pi__name {
  margin: 0 0 24px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 2.25rem);
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  line-height: 1.1;
}
.pi__affil {
  margin: 24px 0 0;
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.pi__affil p { margin: 0 0 6px; }
.pi__affil .pi__title {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.pi__bio { margin: 0 0 20px; font-size: var(--text); line-height: 1.75; }
.pi__honors { margin: 0 0 32px; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.8; color: var(--muted); }
.pi__honors strong { color: var(--ink); }
.pi__links { display: flex; gap: 14px; flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* ---------- News + Publications ---------- */

.newspubs {
  padding: 120px 24px;
  max-width: 1180px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 5fr) minmax(0, 7fr);
  gap: 80px;
}
.news-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 84px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 18px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.news-item p { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.55; font-weight: 500; }

/* News page: the home page's news list, full width, with a Paper / Talk / Meeting / People tag under each date. */
.news { padding: 120px 24px; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; }
.news .news-item { grid-template-columns: 104px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 20px; }
.news .news-item p { font-size: var(--text); }
.news-item__meta { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; align-items: flex-start; }
.news-tag {
  font-size: .75rem;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--muted);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding: 2px 6px;
}
.news__more { margin: 48px 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: var(--text); color: var(--muted); }
.news__more a { font-weight: 500; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; text-decoration-color: var(--rule); }

.pubs__legend { margin: 0 0 6px; font-size: var(--text-xs); color: var(--muted); }
.pubs { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.pub {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 28px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 10px;
  padding: 16px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.pub__n { font-size: var(--text-xs); color: var(--gold-text); font-weight: 700; }
.pub p { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--muted); }
.pub strong { color: var(--ink); }

/* ---------- Publications ticker ---------- */

.page-head.page-head--fleet { padding: var(--nav-h-solid) 0 0; }
.fleet {
  position: relative;
  height: max(360px, 100vw * 540 / 1440); /* the photo's top 540px, never shorter than 360px */
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #5b86b5 url(../assets/golden-gate.jpg) 35% 0 / cover no-repeat;
}
/* Title and button sit in the open sky, above the bridge's main cable. */
.fleet__head {
  position: absolute;
  top: 6%;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  text-align: center;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.fleet__title { color: var(--blue); font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 4.17vw, 4rem); }
.fleet__head .btn { margin-top: 16px; padding: 12px 22px; pointer-events: auto; }
.ticker { position: absolute; inset: 0; }
html:not(.js) .ticker { display: none; }
.ticker svg { position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; display: block; }
.ticker text { font-family: var(--body); }
.ticker__questions { fill: #fff; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 600; }
.ticker a { cursor: pointer; }

/* ---------- All publications ---------- */

.allpubs { padding: 96px 24px 120px; max-width: 1180px; margin: 0 auto; }
.allpubs .pubs__legend { margin-bottom: 24px; }
.allpubs__group {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 32px;
  padding-top: 24px;
}
.allpubs__year {
  position: sticky;
  top: calc(var(--nav-h-solid) + 20px);
  align-self: start;
  margin: 0;
  padding-top: 14px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.375rem;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-text);
}
.pub b { font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); }
.pub__note { font-weight: 600; color: var(--gold-text); white-space: nowrap; }

/* ---------- Team ---------- */

.team { background: var(--sand); padding: 120px 24px; }
.team__inner { max-width: 1080px; margin: 0 auto; }
.team .eyebrow { text-align: center; }
.section-title--team { margin-bottom: 64px; text-align: center; }
/* Centered rows of at most four, so an odd count never strands one card. */
.team__grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 40px 24px;
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 0 auto 72px;
}
.member { flex: 0 0 200px; text-align: center; }
.member__photo {
  width: 150px; height: 150px;
  margin: 0 auto 18px;
  background: repeating-linear-gradient(45deg, #e4dfd3 0 8px, #ece8de 8px 16px);
  font-size: var(--label);
  color: var(--muted);
}
img.member__photo { display: block; border-radius: 50%; object-fit: cover; }
.member__name { margin: 0 0 4px; font-size: var(--text-sm); font-weight: 600; }
.member__name a { color: inherit; }
.member__name a:hover { color: var(--gold-text); }
.member__role {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--blue);
}
.team__network { margin: -32px 0 40px; font-size: var(--text-sm); color: var(--muted); text-align: center; }
.linkedin-link { font-weight: 600; white-space: nowrap; }
.linkedin-link__logo { width: 18px; height: 18px; margin-right: 6px; vertical-align: -3px; fill: #0A66C2; }
.alumni {
  border-top: 1px solid #d8d2c4;
  padding-top: 40px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(260px, 1fr));
  gap: 32px 48px;
}
.alumni--users { margin-top: 40px; }
.alumni__title {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.alumni__list { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.8; color: var(--muted); }

/* ---------- Talks ---------- */

.talks { padding: 120px 24px; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; }
.talk {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 104px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 20px;
  padding: 18px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.talk__venue { margin: 0 0 3px; font-size: var(--text-sm); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.5; }
.talk__title { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text-sm); color: var(--muted); font-style: italic; line-height: 1.5; }

/* ---------- Visit ---------- */

.visit { background: var(--sand); padding: 120px 24px; }
.visit__inner { max-width: 1080px; margin: 0 auto; }
.visit__icon {
  flex: none;
  width: 52px; height: 52px;
  padding: 13px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--blue);
  fill: none;
  stroke: var(--gold);
  stroke-width: 1.7;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
}
.visit__title {
  margin: 0 0 4px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.visit-intro {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.visit-intro__body { padding: 28px 32px 32px; }
.visit-intro__where { margin: 0 0 16px; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--muted); }
.visit-intro__text { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text); line-height: 1.75; max-width: 820px; }
.visit-intro__text strong { font-weight: 600; }
.visit-intro__text + .visit-intro__text { margin-top: 14px; }
.visit__grid {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
}
.visit-card {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 28px 24px 24px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 6px;
  transition: border-color .25s, box-shadow .25s, transform .25s;
}
.visit-card:hover,
.visit-card:focus-within {
  border-color: var(--gold);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(0, 50, 98, .1);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}
.visit-card .visit__icon { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.visit-card__title {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.visit-card__body { margin: 0 0 20px; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.65; color: var(--muted); }
.visit-card__body strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.visit-card__link {
  margin-top: auto;
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 600;
}
/* The whole card is the click target. */
.visit-card__link::after { content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 0; border-radius: 6px; }
.visit-card__link:focus-visible { outline: none; }
.visit-card:has(.visit-card__link:focus-visible) { outline: 2px solid var(--blue); outline-offset: 3px; }

.visit-map {
  margin: 24px 0 0;
  padding: 28px 32px 32px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.visit-map__caption { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.visit-map__tagline { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--muted); }
.visit-map__link { display: block; border-radius: 4px; }
.visit-map__link img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; }

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px; height: 1px;
  padding: 0; margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

/* ---------- Facilities ---------- */

.facilities { background: var(--sand); padding: 120px 24px; }
.facilities__inner { max-width: 1080px; margin: 0 auto; }
.facilities__title {
  margin: 0 0 16px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.2vw, 1.5rem);
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  line-height: 1.1;
}

/* User-proposal callout: blue panel with the Join page's gold glow. */
.access {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  gap: 32px 48px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 40px 44px;
  background: var(--blue) radial-gradient(ellipse at 100% 120%, rgba(253, 181, 21, .25), transparent 60%);
  color: #fff;
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.access__eyebrow { margin: 0 0 10px; font-size: var(--label); letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 600; color: var(--gold); }
.access__title {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.375rem;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  line-height: 1.25;
}
.access__text { margin: 0; max-width: 620px; font-size: var(--text); line-height: 1.75; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .94); }
.access__text strong { color: #fff; font-weight: 600; }
.access__btns { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }
.access__btns .btn { text-align: center; }
.btn--ghost { padding: 14px 28px; color: var(--gold); border-color: transparent; }
.btn--ghost:hover { color: #fff; }

.stacker {
  margin-top: 72px;
  padding: 44px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--gold);
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.stacker__text { margin: 0 0 20px; max-width: 760px; font-size: var(--text); line-height: 1.75; }
.stacker__list { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr)); gap: 12px 32px; }
.stacker__list li {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 22px;
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.stacker__list strong { font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); }
.stacker__list li::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; top: .5em;
  width: 8px; height: 8px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--gold);
}

.labs { margin-top: 72px; }
.labs__head { margin-bottom: 28px; }
.labs__tagline { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--muted); }
.labs__tagline a { font-weight: 600; white-space: nowrap; }
.labs__grid {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
}
.lab-card {
  padding: 28px 28px 32px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.lab-card__bldg { margin: 0 0 12px; font-size: var(--label); letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 600; color: var(--gold-text); }
.lab-card__title {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.lab-card__body { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.7; color: var(--muted); }

/* ---------- Lab Life ---------- */

.life { background: var(--sand); padding: 120px 24px; }
.life__inner { max-width: 1080px; margin: 0 auto; }
.life__grid {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
}
.life-card {
  padding: 28px 28px 32px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--gold);
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.life-card__num {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.75rem;
  color: var(--blue);
}
.life-card__title {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.life-card__body { margin: 0; font-size: var(--text-sm); line-height: 1.7; color: var(--muted); }
.life-card__body a { font-weight: 600; white-space: nowrap; }
.life__cta { margin-top: 64px; text-align: center; }
.life__cta-text { margin: 0 0 24px; font-size: var(--text); line-height: 1.7; }
.life__cta-btns { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; justify-content: center; }

/* ---------- FAQ ---------- */

.faq { padding: 120px 24px; }
.faq__inner { max-width: 760px; margin: 0 auto; }
.faq__group + .faq__group { margin-top: 56px; }
.faq__title {
  margin: 0;
  padding-bottom: 12px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.faq__item { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.faq__q {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 24px;
  padding: 20px 0;
  font-size: var(--text);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--blue);
  cursor: pointer;
  list-style: none;
}
.faq__q::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.faq__q::after {
  content: '+';
  flex: none;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: 1.375rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1;
  color: var(--gold-text);
  transition: transform .25s;
}
.faq__item[open] .faq__q::after { transform: rotate(45deg); }
.faq__q:hover { color: var(--gold-text); }
.faq__q:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--blue); outline-offset: 2px; }
.faq__a { padding: 0 40px 24px 0; font-size: var(--text); line-height: 1.75; }
.faq__a p { margin: 0; }
.faq__a a { font-weight: 500; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; text-decoration-color: var(--rule); }
.faq__more { margin: 56px 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: var(--text); color: var(--muted); }

/* ---------- Join ---------- */

.join {
  position: relative;
  background: var(--blue);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 140px 24px;
  text-align: center;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.join__glow {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 70% 110%, rgba(253, 181, 21, .28), transparent 55%);
}
.join--page {
  min-height: calc(100vh - 120px);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding-top: calc(var(--nav-h-solid) + 120px);
}
.join__inner { position: relative; max-width: 640px; margin: 0 auto; }
.join__title {
  margin: 0 0 24px;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 900;
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 7.5vw, 6rem);
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  line-height: .95;
}
.join__body {
  margin: 0 0 40px;
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .94);
}

/* ---------- Footer ---------- */

.footer {
  padding: 44px 24px;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: var(--label);
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 2;
}
.footer a { color: var(--gold-text); }

/* ---------- Responsive ---------- */

@media (max-width: 1000px) {
  .nav__links { gap: 20px; }
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .nav { padding: 0 24px; }
  .nav__toggle { display: flex; }
  .nav__links {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%; left: 0; right: 0;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0;
    padding: 8px 24px 16px;
    background: var(--paper);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, .08);
    visibility: hidden;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    transition: opacity .25s, transform .25s, visibility .25s;
  }
  .nav__link { color: var(--blue); padding: 14px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
  .nav__link:hover, .nav__link.is-active { color: var(--gold-text); }
  .nav__link:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
  .nav__link::after { display: none; }
  .nav.is-open { background: rgba(251, 250, 247, .98); color: var(--blue); }
  .nav.is-open .nav__links { visibility: visible; opacity: 1; transform: none; }
  .nav.is-open .nav__toggle span:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(8px) rotate(45deg); }
  .nav.is-open .nav__toggle span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
  .nav.is-open .nav__toggle span:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(-8px) rotate(-45deg); }
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .newspubs { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 64px; }
  .pi__inner { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 40px; text-align: center; }
  .pi__photo { max-width: 240px; margin: 0 auto; }
  .pi__contact { max-width: 240px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }
  .pi__links { justify-content: center; }
  .pi__bio { text-align: left; }
  .visit-map { padding: 20px 16px 16px; }
  .visit-intro__body { padding: 20px 20px 24px; }
  .faq__a { padding-right: 0; }
  .access { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); padding: 28px 24px; }
  .access__btns { flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .stacker { padding: 28px 24px; }
  .allpubs__group { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 0; }
  .allpubs__year { position: static; padding-top: 16px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-bottom: 12px; }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .intro, .explore, .pi, .newspubs, .team, .talks, .news, .visit, .life, .faq, .facilities { padding-top: 88px; padding-bottom: 88px; }
  .allpubs { padding-top: 72px; padding-bottom: 88px; }
  .join { padding-top: 96px; padding-bottom: 96px; }
  .page-head { padding-top: calc(var(--nav-h-solid) + 64px); padding-bottom: 72px; }
  .page-head:has(> .subnav):not(.page-head--team) { padding-bottom: 120px; }
  .page-head.page-head--team { height: calc(var(--nav-h-solid) + 340px); }
  .subnav__inner { gap: 28px; }
  .join--page { padding-top: calc(var(--nav-h-solid) + 72px); }
  .section-title { margin-bottom: 48px; }
  .hero__affil { letter-spacing: .2em; line-height: 1.8; }
  .talk, .news .news-item { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 6px; }
  .news-item__meta { flex-direction: row; align-items: center; gap: 10px; }
  .member { flex-basis: 150px; }
  .intro--summary { padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 48px; }
  .directions, .research { padding-top: 56px; padding-bottom: 64px; }
  .theme__head { grid-template-columns: 64px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 20px; align-items: start; }
  .area__glyph { width: 64px; height: 64px; }
  .icon { width: 48px; height: 48px; }
  .theme__title { font-size: 1.125rem; }
}

/* Without JavaScript: nav sits over the hero and scrolls away; links wrap instead of a menu button. */
html:not(.js) .nav { position: absolute; }
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  html:not(.js) .nav { height: auto; min-height: var(--nav-h); flex-wrap: wrap; padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 20px; gap: 12px; }
  html:not(.js) .nav__toggle { display: none; }
  html:not(.js) .nav__links {
    position: static;
    flex-direction: row;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 6px 18px;
    padding: 0;
    background: none;
    box-shadow: none;
    visibility: visible;
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
  html:not(.js) .nav__link { color: inherit; padding: 4px 0; border: 0; }
  html:not(.js) .nav__link.is-active { color: var(--gold); }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { transition: none !important; }
}