Publications

L. Chen, J. Liu, B. J. Jeong, J. Moon, A. J. Bokka, J. Xie, Z. Hu, S. Kim, A. Mishra, K. E. Brockmeyer, S. S. Fender, Y. Ding, D. K. Bediako, L. A. Jauregui, R. Seshadri, A. Raja, Z. Wang. “LEAP-Bench: Turning raw data into scientific claims.” Under review at ICLR 2027, submission #22293

Z. Hu, K. Talit, J. Liu, Z. Wang, L. A. Jauregui, E. A. Nowadnick, A. Raja, Y. Ding. “Struct-R1: Material structure search with multi-fidelity measurement in agentic loops.” Under review at ICLR 2027, submission #46621

S. Miao, I. K. M. R. Rahman, A. Nirmale, I. Kim, D. Urmossy, T. P. Darlington, H. Jayakumar, S. Izawa, A. Raja, D. C. Chrzan, Y. Majima, A. Javey. “Narrow-line-width electroluminescence in monolayer WSe₂ enabled by a sub-5 nm Au/Pt nanogap.” Nano Letters (2026)

H.-L. Kim, H. Lim, T. Wu, A. Y. Waghmare, G. Gupta, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, A. Raja, E. Y. Ma, F. Wang. “Ambipolar metal-insulator transition in bilayer MoSe₂.” arXiv 2610.09036 (2026)

M. Dandu, S. Sankar, G. Espitia, R. Dutta, P. J. Hays, D. Blach, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, J. R. Chelikowsky, S. A. Tongay, P. Ercius, J. A. Hachtel, M. H. Naik, A. Raja, S. Susarla. “(Sub)nanoscale visualization of reconstruction-driven moiré exciton localization and delocalization.” arXiv 2609.34104 (2026)

C. Chen, M. E. Leger, N. Trainor, R. Sanikop, A. Kumar, G. R. Ocasio, Y. Sun, Z. Zhang, Y. Zhu, N. U. Sakib, M. U. K. Sadaf, A. R. Graves, D. D. Blach, A. Raja, Y. Yang, S. Das, J. M. Redwing. “Effect of substrate miscut on the epitaxial growth of MoS₂ on sapphire.” ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 18, 49687 (2026)

K. Wang, K. Reidy, A. Hu, M. Ma, R. Dhall, X. Chen, K. C. Bustillo, Y. Tang, A. Raja, M. F. Crommie, A. M. Minor. “In situ TEM observations of strain-driven soliton dynamics in twisted graphene.” Microscopy and Microanalysis 32 (Suppl. 1), ozag053.595 (2026)

G. Gupta, M. Chhaperwal, P. Kumar, P. Dasika, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, A. Raja, K. Majumdar. “Confined exciton polaron in MoS₂ on twisted-hBN.” arXiv 2606.27770 (2026)

Y. Zhu, Z.-H. Zhang, W. Chen, M. A. Sakib, A. Weber-Bargioni, S. Griffin, A. Raja, A. Sipahigil, G. Hautier. “Point defects in semiconductors: friends and foes for quantum technologies.” MRS Bulletin 1 (2026)

M. A. Sakib, D. Kafeeva, E. P. Garcia, Q. T. Dang, M. Stepanova, A. Raja, H. W. H. Lee, A. B. Khanikaev, M. R. Shcherbakov. “Polariton-mediated high harmonic generation with co-optimized metasurfaces.” CLEO: Fundamental Science FW2E.6 (2026)

Z. Lu, J. Nie, T. Wang, R. Dutta, R. Qi, J. Xie, C. Uzundal, J. Xiao, Z. Wang, Y. Feng, et al. “Tunable interlayer charge-transfer states in MoSe₂/WS₂ moiré superlattices.” arXiv 2605.05571 (2026)

Z. Tian, M. Zhu, J. Kim, P. Behera, M. Xu, T. J. Lee, C.-C. Lin, S. Pamula, A. Raja, H. Pan, et al. “Unleashing the electromechanical response of ferroelastic domain reorganization in mixed-phase tetragonal ferroelectric multilayers.” Advanced Materials 38, e18417 (2026)

A. Raja, M. Y. Sfeir. “Advancing nanomaterials research in the legacy of Louis Brus.” The Journal of Chemical Physics 164 (2026)

S. Husremović, W. Zhang, M. Dandu, B. H. Goodge, I. M. Craig, E. Kennedy, M. P. Erodici, K. C. Bustillo, C. Song, J. Ciston, et al. “Topochemically-engineered coexistence of charge and spin orders in intercalated endotaxial heterostructures.” arXiv 2604.06453 (2026)

P. G. Hegel, O. Gonzalez, M. Li, S. S. Fender, H. Jayakumar, A. Raja, S. M. Masina, A. Ray, I. M. Craig, K. H. Stone, D. K. Bediako. “Enantiopurity-controlled magnetism in a two-dimensional organic–inorganic material.” Journal of the American Chemical Society (2026)

Z. Lu, R. Qi, R. Dutta, J. Xie, J. Nie, Z. Wang, Y. Feng, W. Kim, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, et al. “Nature of emergent moiré excitations in MoSe₂/WS₂ moiré superlattices.” Nano Letters 26, 4096 (2026)

K. Das, K. Reidy, S. Husain, J. H. Park, H. Jayakumar, V. Thampy, C. Klewe, R. Ramesh, A. M. Minor, A. Raja, S. Salahuddin. “Ferroelectricity in atomic-scale titanium dioxide dielectric films.” Science 392, 280 (2026)

W. Chen, J. C. Thomas, Y. Xiong, Z. Yu, D. Zhou, S. Kumari, Z. Dai, J. A. Robinson, M. Terrones, A. Raja, S. M. Griffin, A. Weber-Bargioni, G. Hautier. “Evidence for thermodynamically stable “on-top” sulfur divacancy in monolayer WS₂.” ACS Nanoscience Au (2026)

K. Zhang, M. Dandu, N. T. Hung, T. Zhang, E. Barré, R. Saito, J. Kong, A. Raja, S. Huang. “Optomechanical tuning of second harmonic generation anisotropy in Janus MoSSe/MoS₂ heterostructures.” ACS Nano 19, 38371 (2025)

Y. Dou, X. Wang, N. W. G. Smith, P. Behera, R. H. Mudiyanselage, B. Guzelturk, D. A. Walko, Y. Pleimling, S. Liu, N. Nici, C. Slebodnick, B. Dryzhakov, B. Hu, A. Raja, R. Ramesh, G. A. Khodaparast†, Y. Yan†, L. Quan†. “Long-lived photoinduced polar states in metal halide perovskites.” Nature Communications 16, 7230 (2025)

S. Husremović, V. S. McGraw, M. Dandu, L. S. Xie, S. H. Ryu, O. Gonzalez, S. S. Fender, M. Van Winkle, K. C. Bustillo, T. Taniguchi, et al. “Local interface effects modulate global charge order and optical properties of 1T-TaS₂/1H-WSe₂ heterostructures.” ACS Nano 19, 32218 (2025)

K. Wang, K. Reidy, T. P. Darlington, A. Raja, M. F. Crommie, A. Minor. “In-situ dynamics of moiré superlattice epitaxy as a platform for site-selective adhesion and growth.” Microscopy and Microanalysis 31 (Suppl. 1), ozaf048.851 (2025)

S. Sankar, M. Dandu, P. J. Hays, D. Blach, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, S. A. Tongay, P. Ercius, J. A. Hachtel, M. H. Naik, et al. “Seeing (sub)nanoscale moiré excitons with meV scale energy resolution.” Microscopy and Microanalysis 31 (Suppl. 1), ozaf048.705 (2025)

S. Sankar, M. Dandu, P. J. Hays, D. Blach, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, S. A. Tongay, P. Ercius, J. A. Hachtel, M. H. Naik, et al. “STEM defocus influenced misinterpretations in imaging exciton confinements.” Microscopy and Microanalysis 31 (Suppl. 1), ozaf048.724 (2025)

A. C. Johnson, S. Warkander, A. Raja, F. Liu. “Extreme thermal insulation in nano-bubble wrap materials.” arXiv 2507.12685 (2025)

A. Rossi*, J. C. Thomas*, J. T. Küchle, E. Barré, Z. Yu, D. Zhou, S. Kumari, H.-Z. Tsai, E. Wong, C. Jozwiak, A. Bostwick, J. A. Robinson, M. Terrones, A. Raja, A. Schwartzberg, D. F. Ogletree, J. B. Neaton, M. F. Crommie, F. Allegretti, W. Auwärter, E. Rotenberg, A. Weber-Bargioni†. “Graphene-driven correlated electronic states in one dimensional defects within WS₂.” Nature Communications 16, 5809 (2025)

R. M. Brinn, P. Meisenheimer, M. Dandu, E. Barré, P. Behera, A. Raja, R. Ramesh, P. Stevenson†. “Epitaxial strain tuning of Er³⁺ in ferroelectric thin films.” Journal of Applied Physics 137, 134402 (2025)

B. Sari, M. Dandu, N. Wood, J. Hochhalter, A. C. Johnson, M. Doeff, F. Liu, A. Raja, M. Scott, R. Dhall, R. Warren. “Facile tensile testing platform for in situ transmission electron microscopy of nanomaterials.” Advanced Materials Interfaces 12, 2400750 (2025)

P. Behera, A. M. Ross, N. Shanker, P. Meisenheimer, M. Manna, C. C. Lin, S. L. Hsu, I. Harris, P. Kavle, S. Husain, S. K. Ojha, S. Das, A. Raja, L. W. Martin, S. Susarla, S. Salahuddin, L.-Q. Chen, R. Ramesh†. “Anisotropic ferroelectricity in polar vortices.” Advanced Materials 37, 2410149 (2025)

A. Rossi*†, J. Zipfel*, I. Maity*, M. Lorenzon, L. Francaviglia, E. C. Regan, Z. Zhang, J. H. Nie, E. S. Barnard, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, E. Rotenberg, F. Wang, J. Lischner, A. Raja†, A. Weber-Bargioni†. “Anomalous interlayer exciton diffusion in WS₂/WSe₂ moiré heterostructure.” ACS Nano 18, 18202 (2024)

M. Erdi, J. Kapeghian, P. Hays, M. Dandu, D. D. Blach, M. Sayyad, J. Kopaczek, R. Sailus, A. Raja, S. Susarla, A. S. Botana, S. A. Tongay†. “Structural and angle-resolved optical and vibrational properties of chiral trivial insulator InSeI.” Applied Physics Reviews 11, 041422 (2024)

E. Barré*, M. Dandu*, S. Kundu*, A. Sood, F. H. da Jornada, A. Raja†. “Engineering interlayer hybridization in van der Waals bilayers.” Nature Reviews Materials 9, 499 (2024)

P. Meisenheimer, A. Ghosal, E. Hoglund, Z. Wang, P. Behera, F. Gómez-Ortiz, P. Kavle, E. Karapetrova, P. García-Fernández, L. W. Martin, A. Raja, L.-Q. Chen, P. E. Hopkins, J. Junquera, R. Ramesh. “Interlayer coupling controlled ordering and phases in polar vortex superlattices.” Nano Letters 24, 2972 (2024)

J. Thomas, W. Chen, Y. Xiong, B. Barker, J. Zhou, W. Chen, A. Rossi, N. Kelly, Z. Yu, D. Zhou, S. Kumari, E. Barnard, J. Robinson, M. Terrones, A. Schwartzberg, D. F. Ogletree, E. Rotenberg, M. Noack, S. Griffin, A. Raja, D. Strubbe, G.-M. Rignanese, A. Weber-Bargioni, G. Hautier. “A substitutional quantum defect in WS₂ discovered by high-throughput computational screening and fabricated by site-selective STM manipulation.” Nature Communications 15, 3556 (2024)

A. Sood†, J. Haber, J. D. Carlström, E. A. Peterson, E. Barré, A. H. M. Reid, X. Shen, M. E. Zajac, E. C. Regan, J. Yang, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, F. Wang, X. Wang, J. B. Neaton, T. F. Heinz, A. Lindenberg†, F. H. da Jornada†, A. Raja†. “Bidirectional phonon emission in two-dimensional heterostructures triggered by ultrafast charge transfer.” Nature Nanotechnology 18, 29 (2023)

E. Barré, M. Dandu, A. Raja†. “Quadrupolar excitons take the stage.” Nature Materials 22, 1437 (2023)

A. Raja†, L. E. Brus. “Non-local dielectric effects in nanoscience.” The Journal of Chemical Physics 159 (2023)

M. Van Winkle, I. M. Craig, S. Carr, M. Dandu, K. C. Bustillo, J. Ciston, C. Ophus, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, A. Raja, S. M. Griffin, D. K. Bediako†. “Rotational and dilational reconstruction in transition metal dichalcogenide moiré bilayers.” Nature Communications 14, 2989 (2023)

J. Zhou, J. Thomas, E. Barré, E. S. Barnard, A. Raja, S. Cabrini, K. Munechika, A. Schwartzberg, A. Weber-Bargioni†. “Near-field coupling with a nanoimprinted probe for dark exciton nanoimaging in monolayer WSe₂.” Nano Letters 23, 4901 (2023)

F. Anwar†, M. Tao, A. Schwartzberg, D. F. Ogletree, M. V. Altoe, A. Raja, S. Cabrini. “Transferable nano-patterned ALD membrane.” Nanotechnology 34, 345301 (2023)

R. Xu*, K. J. Crust*, V. Harbola*, R. Arras, K. Y. Patel, S. Prosandeev, H. Cao, Y.-T. Shao, P. Behera, L. Caretta, W. J. Kim, A. Khandelwal, M. Acharya, M. M. Wang, Y. Liu, E. S. Barnard, A. Raja, L. W. Martin, X. W. Gu, H. Zhou, R. Ramesh, D. A. Muller, L. Bellaiche, H. Y. Hwang†. “Size-induced ferroelectricity in antiferroelectric oxide membranes.” Advanced Materials 35, 2370121 (2023)

L. Caretta, Y.-T. Shao, J. Yu, A. B. Mei, B. F. Grosso, C. Dai, P. Behera, D. Lee, M. McCarter, E. Parsonnet, K. P. Harikrishnan, F. Xue, X. Guo, E. S. Barnard, S. Ganschow, Z. Hong, A. Raja, L. W. Martin, L. Q. Chen, M. Fiebig, K. Lai, N. A. Spaldin, D. A. Muller, D. G. Schlom, R. Ramesh†. “Non-volatile electric-field control of inversion symmetry.” Nature Materials 22, 207 (2023)

L. Chong†, A. Raja†. “It’s your lab: collaborative, multidisciplinary science at the Molecular Foundry.” Nature Reviews Materials 8, 142 (2023)

S. Susarla*, M. H. Naik*, D. D. Blach, J. Zipfel, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, L. Huang, R. Ramesh, F. H. da Jornada, S. G. Louie†, P. Ercius†, A. Raja†. “Hyperspectral imaging of excitons within a moiré unit-cell with a sub-nanometer electron probe.” Science 378, 1235 (2022)

L. Francaviglia, J. Zipfel, J. Carlström, S. Sridhar, F. Riminucci, D. Blach, E. Wong, E. S. Barnard, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, A. Weber-Bargioni, D. F. Ogletree, S. Aloni, A. Raja†. “Optimizing cathodoluminescence microscopy of buried interfaces through nanoscale heterostructure design.” Nanoscale 14, 7569 (2022)

J. C. Thomas, A. Rossi, D. Smalley, L. Francaviglia, Z. Yu, T. Zhang, S. Kumari, J. A. Robinson, M. Terrones, M. Ishigami, E. Rotenberg, E. S. Barnard, A. Raja, E. Wong, D. F. Ogletree, M. M. Noack, A. Weber-Bargioni†. “Autonomous scanning probe microscopy investigations over WS₂ and Au{111}.” npj Computational Materials 8, 99 (2022)

Y. Zhang, E. Parsonnet, A. Fernandez, S. M. Griffin, H. Huyan, C. K. Lin, T. Lei, J. Jin, E. S. Barnard, A. Raja, P. Behera, X. Pan, R. Ramesh, P. Yang†. “Ferroelectricity in a semiconducting all-inorganic halide perovskite.” Science Advances 8, eabj5881 (2022)

P. Behera, M. A. May, F. Gómez-Ortiz, S. Susarla, S. Das, C. T. Nelson, L. Caretta, S.-L. Hsu, M. R. McCarter, B. H. Savitzky, E. S. Barnard, A. Raja, Z. Hong, P. García-Fernández, S. W. Lovesey, G. van der Laan, P. Ercius, C. Ophus, L. W. Martin, J. Junquera, M. B. Raschke, R. Ramesh†. “Electric field control of chirality.” Science Advances 8, eabj8030 (2022)

K. M. Siddiqui, D. B. Durham, F. Cropp, C. Ophus, S. Rajpurohit, Y. Zhu, J. D. Carlström, C. Stavrakas, Z. Mao, A. Raja, P. Musumeci, L. Z. Tan, A. M. Minor, D. Filippetto, R. A. Kaindl. “Ultrafast optical melting of trimer superstructure in layered 1T′-TaTe₂.” Communications Physics 4, 1 (2021)

J. Gu, V. Walther, L. Waldecker, D. Rhodes, A. Raja, J. C. Hone, T. F. Heinz, S. Kéna-Cohen, T. Pohl, V. M. Menon. “Enhanced nonlinear interaction of polaritons via excitonic Rydberg states in monolayer WSe₂.” Nature Communications 12, 1 (2021)

A. Raja*†, L. Waldecker*, J. Zipfel, Y. Cho, S. Brem, J. Ziegler, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, E. Malic, T. C. Berkelbach, T. F. Heinz, A. Chernikov†. “Dielectric disorder in two-dimensional materials.” Nature Nanotechnology 14, 832 (2019)

L. Waldecker*, A. Raja*, M. Rösner, C. Steinke, A. Bostwick, R. J. Koch, C. Jozwiak, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, E. Rotenberg, T. O. Wehling, T. F. Heinz. “Rigid band shifts in two-dimensional semiconductors through environmental screening.” Physical Review Letters 123, 206403 (2019)

S. Brem, J. Zipfel, M. Selig, A. Raja, L. Waldecker, J. Ziegler, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, A. Chernikov, E. Malic. “Intrinsic lifetime of higher excitonic states in tungsten diselenide monolayers.” Nanoscale 11, 12381 (2019)

A. Raja†, M. Selig, G. Berghäuser, J. Yu, H. M. Hill, A. F. Rigosi, L. E. Brus, A. Knorr, T. F. Heinz, E. Malic, A. Chernikov†. “Enhancement of exciton-phonon scattering from monolayer to bilayer WS₂.” Nano Letters 18, 6135 (2018)

A. Raja†, A. Chaves, J. Yu, G. Arefe, H. M. Hill, A. F. Rigosi, T. C. Berkelbach, P. Nagler, C. Schüller, T. Korn, C. Nuckolls, J. Hone, L. E. Brus, T. F. Heinz, D. R. Reichman, A. Chernikov†. “Coulomb engineering of the bandgap and excitons in two-dimensional materials.” Nature Communications 8, 15251 (2017) · > 1000 citations

H. M. Hill, A. F. Rigosi, A. Raja, A. Chernikov, C. Roquelet, T. F. Heinz. “Exciton broadening in WS₂/graphene heterostructures.” Physical Review B 96, 205401 (2017)

E. M. Mannebach, R. Burdett, L. S. Langof, N. Seaberg, B. Exarhos, A. Grimm, D. R. Reichman, A. Raja, L. E. Brus, E. R. Eliel, J. A. Misewich, T. F. Heinz, X. Xu, A. H. MacDonald, E. Reed, H. Wen, A. M. Lindenberg†. “Dynamic optical tuning of interlayer interactions in the transition metal dichalcogenides.” Nano Letters 17, 7761 (2017)

A. Raja†, A. Montoya-Castillo, J. Zultak, X.-X. Zhang, Z. Ye, C. Roquelet, D. A. Chenet, A. M. van der Zande, P. Huang, S. Jockusch, J. Hone, D. R. Reichman, L. E. Brus, T. F. Heinz†. “Energy transfer from quantum dots to graphene and MoS₂: absorption vs. screening.” Nano Letters 16, 2328 (2016)

M. Selig, G. Berghäuser, A. Raja, P. Nagler, C. Schüller, T. F. Heinz, T. Korn, A. Chernikov, E. Malic, A. Knorr. “Excitonic linewidth and coherence lifetime in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides.” Nature Communications 7, 13279 (2016)

E. G. Liniger, R. B. Laibowitz, T. M. Shaw, S. A. Cohen, A. Raja. “Effect of H₂O on TDDB for a range of ULK ILD materials with varying damage resistance for robust and weak liners.” IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS) DI-7 (2016)

A. Raja, R. Laibowitz, E. G. Liniger, T. M. Shaw, T. F. Heinz. “Impedance spectroscopy studies of moisture uptake in low-k dielectrics and its relation to reliability.” Microelectronic Engineering 147, 100 (2015)

Y. Guo, D. Sun, B. Ouyang, A. Raja, J. Song, T. F. Heinz, L. E. Brus. “Probing the dynamics of the metallic-to-semiconducting structural phase transformation in MoS₂ crystals.” Nano Letters 15, 5081 (2015)

G. J. Nilsen, A. Raja, A. A. Tsirlin, H. Mutka, D. Kasinathan, C. Ritter, H. M. Rønnow. “One-dimensional quantum magnetism in the anhydrous alum KTi(SO₄)₂.” New Journal of Physics 17, 113035 (2015)

S. De, A. Layek, A. Raja, A. Kadir, M. R. Gokhale, A. Bhattacharya, S. Dhar, A. Chowdhury. “Two distinct origins of highly localized luminescent centers within InGaN/GaN quantum-well light-emitting diodes.” Advanced Functional Materials 21, 3828 (2011)

S. De, D. K. Das, A. Layek, A. Raja, M. K. Singh, A. Bhattacharya, S. Dhar, A. Chowdhury. “Optoelectronic behaviors and carrier dynamics of individual localized luminescent centers in InGaN quantum-well light emitting diodes.” Applied Physics Letters 99, 251911 (2011)